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1957

*** Shopping-Tip: 1957
{{yearbox| cp=19th century| c=20th century | cf=21st century | yp1=1954 | yp2=1955 | yp3=1956 | year=1957 | ya1=1958 | ya2=1959 | ya3=1960 | dp3=1920s | dp2=1930s | dp1=1940s | d=1950s | dn1=1960s | dn2=1970s | dn3=1980s | }} 1957' ('MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.

Events

January

- January 1 - Saarland joins West Germany

- January 1 - Irish Republican Army attack on Irish Republican Army attack on Brookeborough_police_barracks leads to the deaths of Seán South and Fergal O'Hanlon

- January 2 - San Francisco and Los Angeles stock exchanges merge to form Pacific Coast Stock Exchange.

- January 3 - Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric watch

- January 4 - After 69 years the last issue of Collier's Weekly magazine is published

- January 5 - Russell Endean becomes the first batsman to be Dismissal (cricket) Dismissal (cricket) handled the ball in test match cricket

- January 10 - Anthony Eden resigns - Harold Macmillan becomes the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

- January 11 - The African Convention is founded in Dakar.

- January 13 - Wham-O Company produces the first Frisbee

- January 16 - The Cavern Club opens in Liverpool

- January 22 - Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula (they captured it from Egypt in a battle on October 29, 1956)

- January 22 - The New York City "Mad Bomber," George P. Metesky, is arrested in Waterbury, Connecticut and is charged with planting more than 30 bombs.

- January 23 - Ku Klux Klan members force truck driver Willie Edwards to jump off a bridge into the Alabama River - he drowns as a result.

February

- February 4 - France prohibits UN involvement in Algeria

- February 15 - Andrei Gromyko becomes foreign minister of Soviet Union

March

- March 1 - U Nu becomes Prime Minister of Burma

- March 1 - Arturo Lezama becomes President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay

- March 1 - Sud Aviation forms from a merger between SNCASE (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Est) and SNCASO (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Ouest)

- March 6 - United Kingdom colonies Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast and British Togoland become the independent Republic of Ghana

- March 8 - Egypt re-opens the Suez Canal

- March 10 - Floodgates of The Dalles Dam are closed inundating Celilo Falls and ancient indian fisheries along the Columbia River in Oregon.

- March 13 - The FBI arrests Jimmy Hoffa and charges him with bribery

- March 14 - President Sukarno declares martial law in Indonesia

- March 20 - French newspaper L'Express reveals that the French army tortures Algerian prisoners

- March 25 - Treaty of Rome (patto di Roma) establishes the European Economic Community (EEC); see EU

April

- April 1 - The first new conscripts join the Bundeswehr

- April 5 - First elected government of Kerala. Communist Party of India|CPI won the elections and E. M. S. Namboodiripad became the first chief minister of united Kerala

- April 9 - Egypt reopens Suez Canal for all shipping

- April 12 - United Kingdom announces that Singapore will gain self rule January 1 1958

- April 12 - Allen Ginsberg's poem Howl, printed in England, is seized by U.S. customs officials on the grounds of obscenity

- April 17 Brecon Beacons is designated a national park

May

- May 2 - Vincent Gigante fails to assassinate mafioso Frank Costello

- May 2 - Senator Joseph McCarthy of the Red Scare dies.

- May 3 - Walter O'Malley, the owner of the Los Angeles Dodgers, agrees to move the team from Los Angeles Dodgers, agrees to move the team from Brooklyn, New York, to Los Angeles, California.

- May 15 - Stanley Matthews plays his final international game, ending an England national football team|English England national football team records|record international career of almost 23 years

- May 16 - Paul-Henri Spaak becomes the new Secretary General of NATO.

June

- June 9 - First ascent of Broad Peak

- June 15 - Eindhoven University of Technology is founded.

- June 21 - John Diefenbaker becomes Canada's thirteenth Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister.

- June 25 - United Church of Christ formed in Cleveland, Ohio by merger of Congregational Christian Churches and the Evangelical and Reformed Church.

- June 27 - Hurricane Audrey demolishes Cameron, Louisiana, killing 400 people.

July

- July - International Geophysical Year begins.

- July 16 - United States Marine Major John Glenn flies an F8U supersonic jet from California to New York in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds setting a new transcontinental speed record.

- July 25 - Tunisia becomes a republic.

- July 29 - The International Atomic Energy Agency is established.

August

- August 4 - Juan Manuel Fangio, driving for Maserati, wins the Formula One German Grand Prix, clinching (with 4 wins that season) his record fifth List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|world drivers championship, including his fourth consecutive championship (also a record); these two records would endure for nearly half a century.

- August 31 - The Federation of Malaya, which does not include Singapore, gains independence from the United Kingdom. Tuanku Abdul Rahman ibni Almarhum Tuanku Muhammad, Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan becomes the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.

September

- September 4 - American Civil Rights Movement: Little Rock Crisis - Orville Faubus, governor of Arkansas, calls out the US National Guard to prevent black students from enrolling in Little Rock Central High School|Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.

- September 4 - The Ford Motor Company introduces the Edsel on what the company proclaims as "E Day."

- September 21 - Olav V of Norway|Olav V becomes King of Norway on the death of Haakon VII of Norway|Haakon VII.

October

- October 4 - Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth.

- October 9 - Neil H. McElroy was sworn in as the United States Secretary of Defense|6th Secretary of Defense of United States.

- October 10 - US President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologizes to the finance minister of Ghana, Komla Agbeli Gbdemah, after he was refused service in a Dover, Delaware restaurant.

- October 11 - Radio telescope of Jodrell Bank, Cheshire, UK, opened.

- October 23 - Morocco begins its 1957 Invasion of Spanish Sahara|invasion of Ifni.

- October 25 - Assassination of a Mafia boss Albert Anastasia in a barber shop in Park Sheraton Hotel.

- October 27 - Celal Bayar re-elected president of Turkey

November

- November 1 - Michigan's Mackinac Bridge opened.

- November 3 - Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first animal to enter space - a dog named Laika.

- November 6 - Jailhouse Rock opens nationally and Elvis Presley keeps getting bigger and bigger

- November 7 - Cold War: In the United States, the Gaither Report calls for more American missiles and fallout shelters.

- November 13 - Flooding in the Po River valley of Italy leads to the flooding also in Venice

- November 14 - Apalachin Meeting - The leaders of the American Mafia meet at a convention in Apalachin, New York at the house of Joseph Barbara. It is broken up by a curious patrolman.

- November 15 - Plane crash in the Isle of Wight leaves 43 dead.

- November 16 - Serial killer Edward Gein murders his last victim, Bernice Worden of Plainfield, Wisconsin.

- November 30 - Grenade attack against Indonesian president Sukarno in Cikini School in Jakarta. Six children killed, Sukarno survives unscathed.

December

- December 1 - In Indonesia, Sukarno announces nationalization of 246 Dutch businesses

- December 4 - Lewisham train disaster in UK leaves 92 dead

- December 5 - All 326,000 Dutch nationals are expelled from Indonesia.

- December 6 - First U.S. attempt to launch a satellite fails, the satellite blowing up on the launch pad.

Undated

- Consumers' Association founded (UK)

- Project Orion begins, a U.S. program to build a spacecraft powered by nuclear explosions.

- Civil Rights Commission established under the Civil Rights Act of 1957

- IBM makes FORTRAN scientific programming language available to customers. It becomes the most widely used computer language for technical work.

- Citroën stops production of its Citroën Traction Avant|Traction Avant motor car (production started in 1934).

- The Piña Colada was invented by Ramon Marrero, a bartender at Puerto Rico's Caribe Hilton. [http://melindalee.com/recipearchive.html?action=124&item_id=698]

Environmental change

- The Africanized bee is accidentally released in Brazil

- The Asian Flu pandemic begins in China

Births

January

- January 6 - Nancy Lopez, American golfer

- January 7 - Nicholson Baker, American novelist

- January 7 - Katie Couric, American television host

- January 7 - Julian Solis, Puerto Rican boxer

- January 11 - Robert Earl Keen, American musician and singer

- January 12 - John Lasseter, American director, writer, and animator and Founder of Pixar

- January 15 - Mario Van Peebles, Afro-American-German actor and director

- January 19 - Katey Sagal, American actress, singer, and writer

- January 22 - Mike Bossy, Canadian hockey player

- January 23 - Caroline, Princess of Hanover|Princess Caroline of Monaco

- January 24 - Adrian Edmondson, British comedian

- January 29 - Grazyna Miller, Polish poetess

- January 30 - Payne Stewart, American golfer (d. 1999)

February

- February 2 - Michael Massarik, American motion picture producer

- February 4 - Don Davis (composer)|Don Davis, American composer

- February 6 - Kathy Najimy, American actress and comedian

- February 6 - Robert Townsend, American comedian, actor, director, and producer

- February 8 - Cindy Wilson, American singer (The B-52's)

- February 9 - John Axon GC, British railwayman

- February 16 - LeVar Burton, American actor

- February 16 - James Ingram, American singer

- February 18 - Vanna White, American game show presenter

- February 19 - Falco (musician), Austrian musician (d. Falco (musician), Austrian musician (d. 1998)

- February 27 - Viktor Markin, Russian athlete

- February 28 -Ian Smith (cricketer)|Ian Smith , New Zealand cricketer

March

- March 5 - Ray Suarez, American journalist

- March 10 - Osama bin Laden, Saudi-born Islamic extremist

- March 12 - Steve Harris (musician)|Steve Harris, British bassist (Iron Maiden)

- March 17 - Mal Donaghy, Northern Irish footballer

- March 20 - Spike Lee, American film director and actor

- March 29 - Christophe Lambert, American-born actor

- March 30 - Paul Reiser, American actor

- March 31 - Marc McClure, American actor

April

- April 4 - Aki Kaurismäki, Finnish film director

- April 4 - Nobuyoshi Kuwano, Japanese television performer and musician (Rats & Star)

- April 5 - Ivan Corea, Sri Lankan autism campaigner

- April 8 - Henry Cluney, Irish musician

- April 9 - Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer

- April 29 - Daniel Day-Lewis, Anglo-Irish actor

May

- May 3 - William Clay Ford, Jr., American automobile executive

- May 10 - Sid Vicious, English bassist (Sex Pistols) (d. 1979)

- May 21 - Judge Reinhold, American actor

- May 22 - Gary Sweet, Australian actor

- May 26 - Margaret Colin, American actress

- May 27 - Siouxsie Sioux, British singer (Siouxsie and the Banshees)

- May 28 - Kirk Gibson, baseball player

- May 29 - Jeb Hensarling, American politician

June

- June 2 - King Lizzard, American entertainer

- June 3 - Horst-Ulrich Hänel, German field hockey player

- June 8 - Scott Adams, American cartoonist

- June 10 - Hidetsugu Aneha, Japanese one class authorized architect and builder

- June 11 - Jamaaladeen Tacuma, American musician

- June 12 - Javed Miandad, Pakistani cricketer

- June 19 - Anna Lindh, Swedish politician (d. 2003)

- July 13 - Cameron Crowe, American writer and film director

- June 13 - Frances McDormand, American actress

- July 23 - Theo van Gogh (film director)|Theo van Gogh, Dutch film director (d. 2004)

July

- July 2 - Bret Hart, Canadian wrestler of the WWE and WCW

- July 26 - Nana Visitor, American actress

- July 29 - Nellie Kim, Russian gymnast

August

- August 6 - Jim McGreevey, Governor of New Jersey

- August 7 - Mark Bagley, American comic book artist

- August 7 - Aleksandr Dityatin, Soviet gymnast

- August 9 - Melanie Griffith, American actress

- August 11 - Richie Ramone, American drummer (The Ramones)

- August 18 - Carole Bouquet, French actress

- August 18 - Denis Leary, American comedian and actor

- August 24 - Stephen Fry, British comedian, author, and actor

- August 27 - Bernhard Langer, German golfer

- August 28 - Daniel Stern (actor)|Daniel Stern, American actor

September

- September 1 - Gloria Estefan, Cuban-born singer

- September 12 - Rachel Ward, British actress

- September 16 - David McCreery, Northern Irish footballer

October

- October 4 - Alexandr Tkachyov, Soviet gymnast

- October 11 - Dawn French, British comedienne

- October 14 - Kenny Neal, American guitarist

- October 21 - Wolfgang Ketterle, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate

- October 26 - Bob Golic, American football player

- October 27 - Jeff East, American actor

- October 31 - Robert Pollard, American musician

November

- November 6 - Klaus Kleinfeld, German business executive

- November 7 - Christopher Knight, American actor

- November 15 - Kevin Eubanks, American jazz guitarist

- November 24 - Denise Crosby, American actress

- November 27 - Kenny Acheson, Northern Irish racecar driver

- November 30 - Colin Mochrie, Scottish-born comedian

December

- December 6 - Thomas Brinkman, American politician

- December 8 - Phil Collen, British singer and guitarist (Def Leppard)

- December 9 - Donny Osmond, American singer

- December 10 - Michael Clarke Duncan, American actor

- December 13 - Steve Buscemi, American actor

- December 13 - Morris Day, American musician (The Time (Band))

- December 13 - Jean-Marie Messier, French businessman

- December 20 - Billy Bragg, British singer

- December 20 - Joyce Hyser, American actress

- December 20 - Anna Vissi, Greek Singer

- December 21 - Tom Henke, baseball player

- December 21 - Ray Romano, American actor and comedian

- December 24 - Hamid Karzai, Afghan president

- December 30 - Matt Lauer, American newscaster

Unknown date

- Walter Moers, German comic artist and writer

- Eugene Spafford, American computer scientist

Deaths

January

- January 10 - Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)

- January 14 - Humphrey Bogart, American actor (b. 1899)

- January 16 - Arturo Toscanini, Italian conductor (b. 1867)

February

- February 8 - Walther Bothe, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)

- February 8 - John von Neumann, Hungarian-born mathematician (b. 1903)

- February 9 - Miklós Horthy, Hungarian admiral and regent (b. 1868)

- February 10 - Laura Ingalls Wilder, American author (b. 1867)

- February 16 - Józef Hofmann, Polish-American pianist and composer (b. 1876)

- February 18 - Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (b. 1877)

- February 25 - George "Bugs" Moran, American gangster (b. 1893)

March

- March 11 - Admiral Richard E. Byrd, American explorer (b. 1888)

- March 16 - Constantin Brancusi, Romanian sculptor (b. 1876)

- March 17 - Ramon Magsaysay, President of the Philippines (b. 1907)

- March 25 - Max Ophüls, German film director and writer (b. 1902)

- March 29 - Joyce Cary, Northern Irish author (b. 1888)

April-May

- May 2 - Joseph McCarthy, U.S. Senator (b. 1908)

- May 9 - Ezio Pinza, Italian bass (b. 1892)

- May 14 - Marie Vassilieff, Russian artist (b. 1884)

- May 16 - Eliot Ness, American Federal Bureau of Investigation agent (b. 1903)

- May 31 - Leopold Staff, Polish poet (b. 1878)

June

- June 17 - Dorothy Richardson, English feminist writer (b. 1873)

- June 21 - Johannes Stark, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)

- June 26 - Alfred Döblin, German writer (b. 1878)

- June 27 - Malcolm Lowry, English novelist (b. 1909)

July

- July 4 - Judy Tyler, American actress (b. 1933)

- July 24 - Sacha Guitry, Russian-born French playwright, actor, and director (b. 1885)

- July 28 - Edith Abbott, American social worker, educator, and author (b. 1876)

August

- August 5 - Heinrich Otto Wieland, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize larueate (b. 1877)

- August 7 - Oliver Hardy, American actor (b. 1892)

- August 16 - Irving Langmuir, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)

- August 19 - David Bomberg, English painter (b. 1890)

September

- September 1 - Dennis Brain, English French horn player (b. 1921)

- September 20 - Jean Sibelius, Finnish composer (b. 1865)

- September 21 - Haakon VII of Norway (b. 1872)

- September 22 - Toyoda Soemu, Japanese admiral (b. 1885)

October

- October 25 - Albert Anastasia, American Gangster (b. 1902)

- October 25 - Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron Dunsany|Edward Plunkett, Baron Dunsany, Irish author (b. 1878)

- October 26 - Gerty Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)

- October 29 - Louis B. Mayer, American film producer (b. 1885)

November

- November 4 - Shoghi Effendi, Bahá'í leader (b. 1897)

- November 24 - Diego Rivera, Mexican painter (b. 1886)

- November 29 - Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Austrian composer (b. 1897)

- November 30 - Beniamino Gigli, Italian tenor (b. 1890)

December

- December 21 - Eric Coates, English composer (b. 1886)

Nobel prizes

- Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics - Chen Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao Lee

- Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry- Alexander R. Todd

- Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine - Daniel Bovet

- Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature - Albert Camus

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*** Shopping-Tip: 1957