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January 27

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{| style="float:right;" |- | |- | |} Gregorian calendar. There are 338 days remaining (339 in leap years).

Events

- 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.

- 672 - St. Vitalian ends his reign as Catholic Pope.

- 847 - Sergius II ends his reign as Catholic Pope.

- 1186 - Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VI, the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick I, weds Constance of Sicily.

- 1343 - Pope Clement VI issues the Bull Unigenitus.

- 1593 - Vatican opens 7 year trial against scholar Giordano Bruno.

- 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins, and ending in their execution on January 31.

- 1695 - Mustafa II becomes the Ottoman sultan in Istanbul on the death of Ahmed II of Turkey|Ahmed II. Mustafa rules until his death in 1703.

- 1785 - The University of Georgia is founded.

- 1825 - U.S. Congress approves Indian Territory (in what is present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the "Trail of Tears."

- 1870 - The first college sorority, Kappa Alpha Theta, is formed at DePauw University.

- 1880 - Thomas Edison files a patent for his electric incandescent lamp.

- 1888 - In Washington, D.C., the National Geographic Society is founded.

- 1900 - Boxer Rebellion: Foreign diplomats in Peking, China demand that the Boxer rebels be disciplined.

- 1909 - The Young Left (Norway)|Young Left is founded in Norway.

- 1915 - United States Marine Corps|United States Marines occupy Haiti.

- 1926 - John Logie Baird demonstrates the first television broadcast.

- 1939 - United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt approves the sale of U.S. war planes to France.

- 1941 - World War II: Fighting at Derna, Libya, begins. Following the capture of Tobruk, two brigades of the Australian 6th Division under Australian 6th Division under Major General Iven Mackay pursue the Italians westwards and encounters an Italian rear guard at Derna.

- 1943 - World War II: Fifty bombers mount the first entirely American air raid against Germany, targeting Wilhelmshaven.

- 1944 - World War II: The two-year Siege of Leningrad is lifted.

- 1945 - World War II: The Red Army arrives at Auschwitz concentration camp and Auschwitz concentration camp and Birkenau_in Poland and find the Nazi concentration camp where 1.1-1.5 million people had been murdered.

- 1951 - Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with a one-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flats.

- 1967 - Astronauts Gus Grissom, Edward Higgins White and Edward Higgins White and Roger Chaffee are killed in a fire during a test of the Apollo 1 spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center.

- 1967 - More than sixty nations sign the Outer Space Treaty banning nuclear weapons in space.

- 1973 - Paris Peace Accords officially end the Vietnam War.

- 1983 - World's longest subaqueous tunnel (53.90 km) opens in Japan connecting the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido.

- 1984 - Carl Lewis beats his own indoor world jumping record by 9Â¼ inches (23.5 centimeters) with a 28-foot, 10Â¼-inch (8.795-meter) jump.

- 1996 - Colonel Ibrahim BarÃ© MaÃ¯nassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup.

- 1996 - Germany observes its 1st Holocaust Rememberance Day.

- 1997 - It is revealed that French museums have nearly 2,000 pieces of art that were stolen by Nazis.

- 1998 - American First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton appears on the Today Show calling the attacks against her husband part of a vast right-wing conspiracy.

- 2001 - Ten members of the Oklahoma State University men's basketball team and support staff die in a plane crash in Colorado.

- 2002 - Several explosions at a military dump in Lagos, Nigeria kill more than 1,000.

Births

- 1443 - Albert, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)

- 1546 - Joachim Friedrich, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1608)

- 1585 - Hendrick Avercamp, Dutch painter (d. 1634)

- 1603 - Harbottle Grimston, English politician (d. 1685)

- 1621 - Thomas Willis, English physician who made important contributions to anatomy, particularly of the brain and nervous system (d. 1675)

- 1662 - Richard Bentley, English classical scholar (d. 1742)

- 1687 - Balthasar Neumann, German architect (d. 1753)

- 1701 - Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian and theologian (d. 1790)

- 1720 - Samuel Foote, English dramatist and actor (d. 1777)

- 1741 - Hester Thrale, Welsh diarist (d. 1821)

- 1756 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1791)

- 1805 - Samuel Palmer, English artist (d. 1881)

- 1806 - Juan CrisÃ³stomo Arriaga, Spanish composer (d. 1826)

- 1814 - EugÃ¨ne Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (d. 1879)

- 1823 - Edouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892)

- 1826 - Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian writer (d. 1889)

- 1826 - Richard Taylor (general)|Richard Taylor, American Confederate general (d. 1879)

- 1832 - Lewis Carroll, English author (d. 1898)

- 1836 - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (d. 1895)

- 1848 - Togo Heihachiro(æ?±éƒ·å¹³å…«éƒŽ), Japanese admiral (d. 1934)

- 1850 - Samuel Gompers, American labor leader (d. 1924)

- 1850 - Edward J. Smith, English captain of the Titanic (d. 1912)

- 1859 - Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany (d. 1941)

- 1885 - Jerome Kern, American composer (d. 1945)

- 1885 - Eduard KÃ¼nneke, German composer (d. 1953)

- 1885 - Harry Ruby, American musician, composer, and writer (d. 1974)

- 1891 - Ilya Ehrenburg, Russian writer (d. 1967)

- 1893 - Soong Ching-ling(å®‹æ…¶é½¡), one of the Soong sisters, wife of Sun Yat-sen(å«é€¸ä»™, å«æ–‡) (d. 1981)

- 1900 - Hyman Rickover, American admiral (d. 1986)

- 1901 - Art Rooney, American football team owner (d. 1988)

- 1903 - John Carew Eccles, Australian neuropsychologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1997)

- 1905 - Howard McNear, American actor (d. 1969)

- 1908 - Oran "Hot Lips" Page, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1954)

- 1918 - Skitch Henderson, English-born bandleader (d. 2005)

- 1919 - Ross Bagdasarian, American musician and actor (d. 1972)

- 1920 - Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (d. 2002)

- 1921 - Donna Reed, American actress (d. 1986)

- 1924 - Sabu, Indian actor (d. 1963)

- 1926 - Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-born journalist (d. 2003)

- 1929 - GastÃ³n SuÃ¡rez, Bolivian novelist and dramatist (d. 1984)

- 1930 - Bobby Blue Bland, American singer

- 1931 - Mordecai Richler, Canadian author (d. 2001)

- 1936 - Troy Donahue, American actor (d. 2001)

- 1936 - Samuel C. C. Ting, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate

- 1937 - John Ogdon, English pianist (d. 1989)

- 1940 - James Cromwell, American actor

- 1944 - MairÃ©ad Corrigan, Northern Irish activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

- 1944 - Nick Mason, English drummer (Pink Floyd)

- 1945 - Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader, writer, and lawyer (d. 2005)

- 1946 - Nedra Talley, American singer (Ronettes)

- 1948 - Mikhail Baryshnikov, Russian dancer

- 1950 - Amos Grunebaum, Israeli-born obstetrician and gynecologist

- 1954 - Peter Laird co-creator of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

- 1955 - John Roberts, Chief Justice of the United States

- 1956 - Mimi Rogers, American actress

- 1957 - Janick Gers, English musician (Iron Maiden)

- 1957 - Frank Miller, Author/Cartoonist (Sin City)

- 1958 - Kadri MÃ¤lk, Estonian artist, jewellry designer

- 1959 - Keith Olbermann, American journalist and sportscaster

- 1959 - Cris Collinsworth, American football player and television sportscaster

- 1961 - Margo Timmins, Candian singer (Cowboy Junkies)

- 1961 - Gillian Gilbert, British musician (New Order)

- 1964 - Bridget Fonda, American actress

- 1965 - Alan Cumming, Scottish actor

- 1967 - Bobby Deol, Indian actor

- 1968 - Mike Patton, American singer (Faith No More)

- 1968 - Tricky, English rapper

- 1970 - Mark Trojanowski, American musician (Sister Hazel)

- 1971 - Fann Wong, Singapore actress, model, and singer (Shanghai Knights)

- 1972 - Keith Wood, Irish rugby player

- 1974 - Chaminda Vaas, Sri Lankan cricketer

- 1976 - Clint Ford, American voiceover actor

- 1976 - Ahn Jung-Hwan, Korean Football Player

- 1979 - Daniel Vettori, New Zealand cricketer

- 1979 - Rosamund Pike, British actress

- 1980 - Marat Safin, Russian tennis player

- 1981 - Alicia Molik, Australian tennis player

- 1982 - Amy Marshall, American Accountant

Deaths

- 98 - Nerva, Roman Emperor (b. 35)

- 1490 - Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese shogun (b. 1435)

- 1629 - Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (b. 1560)

- 1731 - Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian maker of musical instruments (b. 1655)

- 1740 - Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon, Prime Minister of France (b. 1692)

- 1814 - Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1762)

- 1816 - Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (b. 1724)

- 1851 - John James Audubon, French-American naturalist, ornithologist, and painter (b. 1785)

- 1860 - JÃ¡nos Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1860)

- 1880 - Edward Middleton Barry, English architect (b. 1830)

- 1901 - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (b. 1813)

- 1910 - Thomas Crapper, English inventor (b. 1836)

- 1919 - Endre Ady, Hungarian poet (b. 1877)

- 1940 - Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (b. 1894)

- 1956 - Erich Kleiber, Argentine conductor (b. 1890)

- 1967 - Crew of Apollo 1:

- 1970 - Rita Angus, New Zealand painter (b. 1908)

- 1971 - Jacobo Arbenz GuzmÃ¡n|Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (b. 1913)

- 1972 - Mahalia Jackson, American singer (b. 1911)

- 1975 - Bill Walsh (producer)|Bill Walsh, American producer and writer (b. 1913)

- 1983 - Louis de FunÃ¨s, French actor (b. 1914)

- 1986 - Lilli Palmer, German-born actress (b. 1914)

- 1989 - Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer (b. 1888)

- 1992 - Allan Jones, actor and singer (b. 1908)

- 1994 - Claude Akins, American actor (b. 1918)

- 1996 - Ralph Yarborough, American politician (b. 1903)

- 2000 - Friedrich Gulda, Austrian pianist (b. 1930)

- 2004 - Jack Paar, American television show host (b. 1918)

- 2006 - Johannes Rau, President of Germany from 1999 - 2004 (b. 1931)

Holidays and observances

- UN — International Holocaust Memorial Day

- United Kingdom — Holocaust Memorial Day (UK)|Holocaust Memorial Day.

- Germany — Gedenktag fÃ¼r die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus (Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism).

- Poland — Dzie&

324; Pamięci Ofiar Nazizmu (Memorial Day for the Victims of Nazism).

- (Memorial Day).

- Catholicism — Catholic Schools Week.

- Serbia — St. Sava Day.

- Denmark — Auschwitzdag (Auschwitz Day; commemoration day for the victims of the Holocaust and other genocide).

External links

- On this day in Canada

- NY Times: On this day

- BBC: On This Day

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